Stapedectomy
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Stapedectomy is a surgical procedure used to treat otosclerosis, a condition characterized by abnormal bone growth in the middle ear that can causehearing lossby affecting the movement of the stapes bone, one of the small bones responsible for transmitting sound vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear. Stapedectomy is an ear surgery used to treat conductive hearing loss, most commonly caused by otosclerosis. The surgeon removes the immobile stapes bone and inserts a prosthetic device to re-establish the connection between the middle and inner ear. This allows sound waves to reach the inner ear fluid, improving the patient's hearing.

Stapedectomy is a surgical procedure used to treat otosclerosis, a condition characterized by abnormal bone growth in the middle ear that can cause hearing loss by affecting the movement of the stapes bone, one of the small bones responsible for transmitting sound vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear.

Stapedectomy is an ear surgery used to treat conductive hearing loss, most commonly caused by otosclerosis. The surgeon removes the immobile stapes bone and inserts a prosthetic device to re-establish the connection between the middle and inner ear. This allows sound waves to reach the inner ear fluid, improving the patient's hearing.

Types of Stapedectomy

  • Partial Stapedectomy: Only the fixed part of the stapes bone is removed. A prosthesis is attached to the remaining portion.
  • Total Stapedectomy: The entire stapes bone is removed. A prosthesis bridges the gap.
  • Small Fenestration Stapedectomy: A small opening is created in the stapes base; a prosthesis is inserted.

Key Takeaways

  • Type of Procedure: Microsurgical, minimally invasive.
  • Duration: Typically 1 to 2 hours.
  • Anesthesia Used: Local anesthesia with sedation or general anesthesia.
  • Recovery Time: 1 to 2 weeks for light activity; full hearing improvement may take several weeks.
  • Success Rate: Approximately 80-90% success in restoring significant hearing improvement.

Indications of the Stapedectomy Procedure

  • Diagnosis of Otosclerosis: Confirmed via clinical evaluation, hearing tests, or imaging.
  • Conductive Hearing Loss: Caused by an immobile stapes bone due to otosclerosis.
  • Appropriate Hearing Levels: Ideal for mild to moderate hearing loss.
  • Exclusion of Other Conditions: Other causes (e.g., infections) have been ruled out.
  • Failed Non-Surgical Treatments: Hearing aids or other treatments are ineffective.
  • Good Health Condition: Suitable for surgery and anesthesia.

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Preparing for the Stapedectomy Procedure

  • Consultation with an ENT Specialist: Confirm diagnosis with an ENT specialist.
  • Medical History: Disclose allergies, medications, and past surgeries.
  • Hearing Tests: Establish baseline hearing levels.
  • Lifestyle Adjustments: Quit smoking and limit alcohol.
  • Fasting: Follow preoperative fasting instructions.
  • Transportation: Arrange post-surgery transport.
  • Home Preparation: Prepare recovery space and supplies.
  • Stay Positive: Focus on improved hearing benefits.

Steps Involved in the Stapedectomy Procedure

  1. Anesthesia: Administer local/general anesthesia.
  2. Access to Middle Ear: Via ear canal or incision behind the ear.
  3. Removal of Stapes Bone: Carefully remove the immobilized bone.
  4. Insertion of Prosthesis: Place the Teflon/titanium prosthesis.
  5. Testing and Closure: Ensure stability; close the incision and pack the ear.

Benefits of Stapedectomy

  • Improved hearing and sound clarity.
  • Enhanced quality of life and communication.
  • Reduced dependence on hearing aids.
  • Long-lasting results with minimal invasiveness.
  • Restored confidence and independence.

Stapedectomy Risks and Complications

  • Temporary Dizziness/Vertigo: Due to inner ear fluid disturbance.
  • Taste Disturbance: Metallic taste from nerve irritation.
  • Tinnitus: Ringing in the ear post-surgery.
  • Hearing Loss: Rare (<1% cases) due to inner ear damage.
  • Infection/Bleeding: Managed with antibiotics and sterile techniques.
  • Prosthesis Displacement: May require revision surgery.

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Recovery after Stapedectomy Procedure

  • Recovery Area: Brief hospital observation post-surgery.
  • Rest: Avoid heavy activities for days.
  • Ear Care: Keep the ear dry; avoid inserting objects.
  • Pain Management: Use prescribed medications for mild pain.
  • Follow-Up: Monitor healing and hearing improvement.
  • Precautions: Avoid loud noises, air travel, or scuba diving.
  • Healing Time: Complete stabilization may take months.