Who is Uterine Fibroid EmbolizationFor

Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat uterine fibroids. It is typically recommended for women experiencing symptoms such as:

• Heavy menstrual bleeding or prolonged periods
• Pelvic pain or pressure caused by fibroids
• Frequent urination or urinary urgency due to fibroids pressing on the bladder
• Back pain or leg pain caused by fibroids
• Infertility or complications related to fibroids affecting pregnancy

Key Takeaways of Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) Procedure

• Type of Procedure: A minimally invasive procedure performed by an interventional radiologist to block the blood vessels supplying the fibroids, causing them to shrink and die.
• Duration: Typically takes 1 to 2 hours to complete, depending on the number and size of the fibroids being treated.
• Anesthesia Used: Local anesthesia is applied at the insertion site (usually the groin or wrist), and sedation is provided to keep the patient comfortable throughout the procedure.
• Recovery Time: Most women can go home the same day, though an overnight stay may be required in some cases. Recovery typically takes 1 to 2 weeks, with minimal restrictions. Pain and cramping may occur for a few days after the procedure, but these symptoms usually resolve within a week.

Indications of Uterine Fibroid Embolization

UFE is primarily indicated for women who experience symptoms related to uterine fibroids but wish to avoid surgery or hysterectomy (removal of the uterus).

Symptoms of uterine fibroids can include;

• Heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding
• Pelvic pain
• Pressure or discomfort
• Urinary frequency and even fertility issues

UFE is an excellent option for women who want to retain their uterus and avoid surgery's potential physical and emotional impacts.

Preparing for Uterine Fibroid Embolization

Before undergoing UFE, you will have an initial consultation with the interventional radiologist. During this consultation, your medical history will be reviewed, and your symptoms and fibroid size will be assessed using imaging techniques such as ultrasound or MRI.

The radiologist will explain the procedure, discuss its benefits and potential risks, and answer any questions you may have. You may need to undergo routine blood tests and imaging studies to ensure you are a suitable candidate for UFE.

Your interventional radiologist will provide specific instructions about fasting, medications, and any other preparations you need to make before the procedure.

Steps of the Uterine Fibroid Embolization Procedure

• Preparation and Anesthesia: Before the procedure begins, the patient is given a local anesthetic to numb the area. Sedation may also be provided to ensure comfort throughout the procedure.
• Catheter Insertion: A small catheter is inserted into the femoral artery (located in the groin area) and guided toward the uterus using imaging technology, such as X-ray or fluoroscopy.
• Embolization Process: Once the catheter is in place, tiny particles are injected through the catheter into the blood vessels supplying the fibroids. These particles block the blood flow, causing the fibroids to shrink over time.
• Post-Procedure Monitoring: After the procedure, patients are monitored for any immediate reactions or discomfort. The procedure typically takes about 1 to 2 hours, with most patients being able to go home the same day.

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Who Performs the Uterine Fibroid Embolization

Uterine fibroid embolization is performed by interventional Radiologists, who are highly trained specialists in using imaging techniques to perform minimally invasive procedures.

Suppose you are experiencing symptoms of uterine fibroids and are interested in exploring non-surgical treatment options. In that case, it's advisable to contact an interventional radiologist or get a referral from your primary care physician or gynecologist.

Advantages & Side Effects of Uterine Fibroid Embolization

Advantages

• Minimally Invasive: UFE is a non-surgical procedure that requires only small incisions, reducing the risks associated with traditional surgery.
• Faster Recovery Time: Unlike surgery, which may require weeks of recovery, UFE patients often return to their normal activities within a few days to a week.
• Effective Symptom Relief: UFE has been shown to significantly reduce the symptoms of uterine fibroids, such as heavy bleeding, pelvic pain, and pressure on the bladder or rectum.
• Preservation of Uterus: UFE allows women to preserve their uterus, making it an ideal option for those who wish to avoid a hysterectomy.
• Outpatient Procedure: Most UFE procedures are done on an outpatient basis, meaning patients can go home the same day without the need for an overnight stay.

Side Effects

• Pain and Cramping: Mild to moderate pelvic pain or cramping is common after the procedure. This can typically be managed with pain medications.
• Vaginal Discharge: Some women may experience a small amount of vaginal discharge or spotting after the procedure.
• Fever: A mild fever may occur in the first 24-48 hours after the procedure.
• Infection: Though rare, there is a small risk of infection following the procedure.
• Post-Embolization Syndrome: This refers to symptoms like fatigue, nausea, and mild fever that some women experience in the days following the procedure.

Recovery After Uterine Fibroid Embolization

The recovery period following UFE is relatively short compared to traditional surgical options. You may experience discomfort, cramping, or pelvic pain for a few days, which can be managed with pain medication prescribed by your interventional radiologist. It's common to experience vaginal discharge as the fibroids begin to shrink.

Uterine Fibroid Embolization Recovery Time

Most women can return to their regular activities within a week, although avoiding strenuous exercise and heavy lifting for a few weeks is recommended. Your interventional radiologist will provide personalized post-procedure instructions and schedule a follow-up appointment to monitor your progress.

Lifestyle Changes After Uterine Fibroid Embolization

One of the advantages of UFE is that it often allows women to maintain their usual lifestyles without significant disruptions. You might notice improvements in your symptoms within a few weeks as the fibroids shrink. It's essential to continue regular check-ups with your gynecologist or interventional radiologist to monitor your condition and ensure the procedure's effectiveness.