| Anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies |
immunotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitor |
Block the CTLA-4 receptor on T-cells, enhancing immune response against tu… |
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| Anti-PD-1 and PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies (immune checkpoint inhibitors) |
immunotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitor |
Inhibit PD-1 or PD-L1 interactions, promoting T-cell–mediated antitumor ac… |
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| Atypical antipsychotics |
psychiatric, antipsychotic |
Treat psychosis by modulating dopamine and serotonin receptors, with fewer… |
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| BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors |
antineoplastic, targeted therapy |
Block the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase produced in certain leukemias, inhibitin… |
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| Biguanides |
antidiabetic |
Decrease hepatic glucose production and increase insulin sensitivity. |
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| Bronchodilators |
respiratory, airway opener |
Relax airway smooth muscle to improve airflow in obstructive lung diseases. |
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| CGRP inhibitors |
neurological, migraine prophylactic |
Block calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) or its receptor to prevent mi… |
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| Cholinesterase inhibitors |
neurological, cognitive enhancer |
Inhibit the breakdown of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft, increasing c… |
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| Dopaminergic antiparkinsonism agents |
neurological, antiparkinsonian |
Enhance dopaminergic activity in the brain to alleviate Parkinsonian sympt… |
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| Vasodilators |
Cardiovascular, antihypertensive |
Widen (dilate) blood vessels, lowering blood pressure and decreasing cardi… |
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| Factor Xa inhibitors |
anticoagulant, direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) |
Directly inhibit factor Xa, reducing the conversion of prothrombin to thro… |
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| Interleukin inhibitors |
immunomodulator, biologic |
Target and inhibit the action of specific interleukins involved in inflamm… |
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| Monoclonal antibodies |
biologic, targeted immune therapy |
Lab-produced antibodies that target specific molecules on cells or pathoge… |
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| Protease inhibitors |
antiviral, antiretroviral |
Inhibit viral protease enzymes, preventing maturation of infectious viral … |
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| Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) |
Antiviral, antiretroviral |
Inhibit viral reverse transcriptase by mimicking natural nucleosides, supp… |
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| Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) |
Antiviral, antiretroviral |
Non-competitively inhibit HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, blocking viral repl… |
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| Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) |
Antiviral, antiretroviral |
Block HIV integrase, preventing the insertion of viral DNA into the host g… |
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| Thrombolytics |
Fibrinolytic, antithrombotic |
Promote breakdown of blood clots by activating plasminogen to plasmin. |
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| Anthelmintics |
Antiparasitic |
Treat worm (helminth) infections by killing or expelling parasitic worms. |
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| Antimalarial quinolines |
Antiparasitic, antimalarial |
Inhibit heme polymerase in Plasmodium parasites, leading to toxic heme acc… |
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